誰(shuí)能給我一篇關(guān)于矯直機(jī)的中英文論文

【專家解說(shuō)】：矯直機(jī)是對(duì)金屬棒材、管材、線材等進(jìn)行矯直的設(shè)備。矯直機(jī)通過(guò)矯直輥對(duì)棒材等進(jìn)行擠壓使其改變直線度。一般有兩排矯直輥，數(shù)量不等。也有兩輥矯直機(jī)，依靠?jī)奢?中間內(nèi)凹，雙曲線輥)的角度變化對(duì)不同直徑的材料進(jìn)行矯直。主要類型有壓力矯直機(jī)、平衡滾矯直機(jī)、鞋滾矯直機(jī)、旋轉(zhuǎn)反彎矯直機(jī)等等。 這種矯直機(jī)的矯直過(guò)程是:輥?zhàn)拥奈恢门c被矯直制品運(yùn)動(dòng)方向成某種角度，兩個(gè)或三個(gè)大的是主動(dòng)壓力輥，由電動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)作同方向旋轉(zhuǎn)，另一邊的若干個(gè)小輥是從動(dòng)的壓力輥，它們是靠著旋轉(zhuǎn)著的圓棒或管材摩擦力使之旋轉(zhuǎn)的。為了達(dá)到輥?zhàn)訉?duì)制品所要求的壓縮，這些小輥可以同時(shí)或分別向前或向后調(diào)整位置，一般輥?zhàn)拥臄?shù)目越多，矯直后制品精度越高。制品被輥?zhàn)右胫?，不斷地作直線或旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，因而使制品承受各方面的壓縮、彎曲、壓扁等變形，最后達(dá)到矯直的目的。 矯直技術(shù)屬于金屬加工學(xué)科的一個(gè)分支，已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于日用金屬加工業(yè)，儀器儀表制造業(yè)，汽車、船舶和飛機(jī)制造業(yè)，石油化工業(yè)，冶金工業(yè)，建筑材料業(yè)，機(jī)械裝備制造業(yè)，以及精密加工制造業(yè)。矯直技術(shù)在廣度和深度方面的巨大發(fā)展迫切要求矯直理論能進(jìn)一步解決一些疑難問(wèn)題，推動(dòng)開發(fā)新技術(shù)和研制新設(shè)備。尤其在黨的十六大之后，要求用信息化帶動(dòng)工業(yè)化，矯直技術(shù)也要跟上時(shí)代。首先要在矯直機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)、制造、矯直過(guò)程分析、矯直參數(shù)設(shè)定及矯直質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)等方面搞好軟件開發(fā);其次要進(jìn)行數(shù)字化矯直設(shè)備的研制，使矯直技術(shù)走上現(xiàn)代化的道路，不斷豐富金屬矯直學(xué)的內(nèi)容。 矯直技術(shù)多用于金屬條材加工的后部工序，在很大程度上決定著產(chǎn)成品的質(zhì)量水平。矯直技術(shù)同其他金屬加工技術(shù)一樣在20世紀(jì)取得了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)展，相應(yīng)的矯直理論也取得了很大的進(jìn)步。不過(guò)理論滯后于實(shí)踐的現(xiàn)象比較明顯。例如矯直輥負(fù)轉(zhuǎn)矩的破壞作用在20世紀(jì)下半葉才得以解決，但其破壞作用的機(jī)理直到20世紀(jì)80年代末才被闡明。另外，就矯直理論的總體來(lái)看，仍然處于粗糙階段，首先就是其基本參數(shù)的確定還要依靠許多經(jīng)驗(yàn)算法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，如輥數(shù)、輥距、輥徑、壓彎量及矯直速度等;其次是許多技術(shù)現(xiàn)象如螺旋彎廢品、矯直縮尺、矯直噪聲、斜輥矯直特性、斜輥輥形特性、拉彎變形匹配特性等都缺乏理論闡述;再次是理論的概括性不夠，一套公式不僅不能包括各種斷面型材，甚至不能包括同類斷面而尺寸和材質(zhì)不同的工件，如彎距和矯直曲率等都缺少通用表達(dá)式。 此外本設(shè)計(jì)在許多細(xì)小之處也力求貼近實(shí)際，進(jìn)行各種最大量的計(jì)算時(shí)要用實(shí)際可能達(dá)到的值代替實(shí)際答不到的理論極限值。應(yīng)用技術(shù)的理論在于實(shí)踐的可行與否，實(shí)用化是本設(shè)計(jì)的根本。 Straightening machine is a metal bar, pipe, wire, and other equipment for straightening. Straightening roller straightening machine through the bars of pressure for them to change, such as straightness. There are two rows of straightening roller, the number of ranges. There are also two roller straightening machine, relying on two rollers (Concave Intermediate, hyperbolic roll) the perspective of the different changes in the diameter of the material straightening. Type of straightening of the main pressure, balance roller straightening machine, shoes roller straightening machine, anti-rotation bending leveler and so on. This process of straightening straightening machine is: the location of the roller straightening products and the direction of the movement as a point of view, two or three of the initiative is a pressure roller, driven by the motor for rotating in the same direction, on the other side of a number of A small roller was driven roller pressure, they are relying on a rotation of the rod or pipe so that the friction of the rotation. In order to achieve roller on the products required by the compression of these small roller at the same time or separately adjustments backward or forward position, in general the number of roller more after straightening products, the higher accuracy. Products have been biting into the roller, continue to make a straight line or rotary movement, making products to bear all aspects of compression, bending, squash, such as deformation, to reach the final straightening. Foreword the technology belongs to the metal working discipline abranch, already widely applied to the everyday use metal workingindustry, instrument measuring appliance manufacturing industry,automobile, ships and airplane manufacturing industry, petroleumindustry, metallurgical industry, building material industry,machinery equipment manufacturing industry, as well as preciseprocessing manufacturing industry.The technology can furthersolve some hard problems in the breadth and the depth aspect hugedevelopment urgent need theory, impels to develop the newtechnology and to develop the new equipment. 16 is especially bigafter the party, requests with the information impetusindustrialization, the technology also needs to follow thetime. First must in the straightening machine design, the manufacture, the process analysis, the parameter hypothesis and the quality forecast and so on the aspect does well thesoftware development; It secondary carries on the digitized equipment the development, causes the technology to step ontomodernized the path, unceasingly rich metal study content. The technology has equally made theconsiderable progress with other metal working technologies in 20thcentury, the corresponding heory has also made the very bigprogress. But the theory lag quite is obvious to the practicephenomenon. For example the negative torque destructiveeffect only then can solve in 20th century next half, but itsdestructive effect mechanism was only then expounded until the the endof 1980s. Moreover, the theory overall looked that, still wasat the rough stage, first was its basic parameter determination alsomust depend upon many experiences algorithms and the empirical data, roller distance, roller diameter, Next is many technical phenomenalike spiral curved waste product, the noise, theslanting roller characteristic, the slanting roller rollershape characteristic, the distortion match characteristic andso on all lacks the theory elaboration; Is once more the theoryconcise quality is insufficient, set of formulas not only cannotinclude each kind of cross section molding, even cannot include thesimilar cross section but the size and the material quality differentwork piece, like the curved distance and so on all lacks the generalexpression with the curvature. In addition this design in many tiny place also makes every effort todraw close to the reality, carries on when each kind of most massivecomputations must feasible use which to achieve the value replacesactual does not answer the theory limit value. The applicationtechnology theory lies in the practice to be feasible or not, thepractical application is this design basis. Key: hugedevelopment theoryconcise massivecomputations phenomenalike