救急!!!汽車方面英文文章(約10000個(gè)單詞)要有翻譯的

【專家解說(shuō)】：Diesel vehicles Diesel vehicles may be making a comeback. Diesel engines are more powerful and fuel-efficient than similar-sized gasoline engines (about 30-35% more fuel efficient). Plus, today's diesel vehicles are much improved over diesels of the past. 柴油車柴油車可能正在東山再起. 柴油引擎更強(qiáng)大,更省油,比同樣大小的汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)(約30-35%的燃油效率) . 再加上,今天的柴油車,大大改善了柴油機(jī)的過(guò)去. Better Performance Improved fuel injection and electronic engine control technologies have Increased power Improved acceleration Increased efficiency New engine designs, along with noise- and vibration-damping technologies, have made them quieter and smoother. Cold-weather starting has been improved also. 表現(xiàn)較好的改善燃料噴射和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)電子控制技術(shù)的進(jìn)步已增加力量加快改善效率,增加新的引擎設(shè)計(jì), 隨著噪聲及減振技術(shù),取得了他們的寧?kù)o和暢順. 寒冷天氣開(kāi)始有所改善也. Cleaner Today's diesels must meet the same emissions standards as gasoline vehicles, and advances in engine technologies, ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel, and improved exhaust treatment have made this possible. Although emissions of particulates and smog-forming nitrogen oxides (NOx) are still relatively high, new "clean" diesel fuels, such as ultra-low sulfur diesel and biodiesel, and advances in emission control technologies will reduce these pollutants also. 今天清潔的柴油,必須符合相同的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),汽油車,先進(jìn)的引擎技術(shù), 超低硫柴油,并改進(jìn)尾氣處理有這個(gè)可能. 雖然排放的懸浮粒子和煙霧形成的氮氧化物( NOX )仍比較高,新的"干凈"的柴油燃料相比, 如超低含硫量柴油,生物柴油和墊款在排放控制技術(shù),可減少這些污染物也. Hybrid-electric vehicles; Hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) combine the benefits of gasoline engines and electric motors and can be configured to obtain different objectives, such as improved fuel economy, increased power, or additional auxiliary power for electronic devices and power tools. Some of the advanced technologies typically used by hybrids include混合電動(dòng)車; 混合動(dòng)力電動(dòng)汽車(的HEV )結(jié)合的好處,汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和電動(dòng)馬達(dá),可以通過(guò)配置來(lái)獲取不同的目標(biāo),這種 作為提高燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性,提高動(dòng)力,或額外的輔助電源的電子設(shè)備和電動(dòng)工具. 一些先進(jìn)的技術(shù),通常用雜交種包括: Regenerative Braking. The electric motor applies resistance to the drivetrain causing the wheels to slow down. In return, the energy from the wheels turns the motor, which functions as a generator, converting energy normally wasted during coasting and braking into electricity, which is stored in a battery until needed by the electric motor. 再生制動(dòng). 電動(dòng)機(jī)電阻適用于傳動(dòng)造成車輪放慢了. 作為回報(bào),能量從車輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)馬達(dá),它的功能是一臺(tái)發(fā)電機(jī), 能源轉(zhuǎn)換通常浪費(fèi)在滑行和剎車成電力, 這是儲(chǔ)存在電池直到所需的電機(jī). Electric Motor Drive/Assist. The electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine in accelerating, passing, or hill climbing. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. In some vehicles, the motor alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)/協(xié)助. 電動(dòng)機(jī)提供額外的權(quán)力,以協(xié)助發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在加速,超越,或爬山. 這使得規(guī)模較小,更加高效的引擎可以使用. 在一些車輛,電動(dòng)機(jī)單獨(dú)提供電源低速駕駛的情況下,內(nèi)燃機(jī)是最有效的. Automatic Start/Shutoff. Automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle comes to a stop and restarts it when the accelerator is pressed. This prevents wasted energy from idling. 自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)/關(guān)機(jī). 自動(dòng)拒之門外引擎當(dāng)汽車來(lái)停止并重新啟動(dòng)它時(shí),油門被按下. 這樣可避免浪費(fèi)能源,從空轉(zhuǎn). Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) are designed to run on gasoline or a blend of up to 85% ethanol (E85). Except for a few engine and fuel system modifications, they are identical to gasoline-only models. FFVs have been produced since the 1980s, and dozens of models are currently available. Since FFVs look just like gasoline-only models, you may have an FFV and not even know it. To determine if your vehicle is an FFV, check the inside of your car's fuel filler door for an identification sticker or consult your owner’s manual. 靈活燃料汽車(FFVs)靈活燃料汽車(FFVs) ,設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)行于汽油或混合最多 85%乙醇( e85 ) . 除了少數(shù)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和燃油系統(tǒng)的改裝,它們是相同的汽油只有模型. 靈活燃料汽車已累計(jì)生產(chǎn)80年代以來(lái),幾十種型號(hào),目前可用. 自靈活燃料汽車很像汽油唯一模式,你可以有一個(gè)新鮮水果和蔬菜,甚至不知道它. 確定如果你的汽車是一個(gè)新鮮水果和蔬菜, 檢查內(nèi)你的車子的加油口門上一貼,鑒定或請(qǐng)教你的車主手冊(cè). FFVs experience no loss in performance when operating on E85. However, since a gallon of ethanol contains less energy than a gallon of gasoline, FFVs typically get about 20-30% fewer miles per gallon when fueled with E85. 靈活燃料汽車的經(jīng)驗(yàn),沒(méi)有任何財(cái)物損失,在性能上經(jīng)營(yíng)e85 . 然而,由于一加侖乙醇含有更少的能源比一加侖汽油, 外國(guó)船隊(duì)通常有約20-30%少英里每加侖,當(dāng)燃用e85 . Electric vehicles (EVs) Electric vehicles (EVs) are propelled by an electric motor (or motors) powered by rechargeable battery packs. Electric motors have several advantages over internal combustion engines (ICEs): 電動(dòng)車(電動(dòng)車)電動(dòng)車(電動(dòng)車) ,發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)由電動(dòng)機(jī)(或馬達(dá))提供動(dòng)力的電池包. 電動(dòng)馬達(dá)擁有幾項(xiàng)優(yōu)勢(shì)內(nèi)燃機(jī)(考) : Energy efficient. Electric motors convert 75% of the chemical energy from the batteries to power the wheels-internal combustion engines (ICEs) only convert 20% of the energy stored in gasoline. Environmentally friendly. EVs emit no tailpipe pollutants, although the power plant producing the electricity may emit them. Electricity from nuclear-, hydro-, solar-, or wind-powered plants causes no air pollutants. 能源效率. 電動(dòng)馬達(dá),將75%的化學(xué)能量從電池為電源的車輪-內(nèi)燃機(jī)(考) ,只有轉(zhuǎn)換 20%的能源儲(chǔ)存汽油. 環(huán)保. 電動(dòng)車不會(huì)排放廢氣污染物,雖然電廠生產(chǎn)的電力,排出的可能. 電力來(lái)自核,水能,太陽(yáng)能,風(fēng)能發(fā)電廠沒(méi)有造成空氣中的污染物. Reduce energy dependence. Electricity is a domestic energy source. Performance benefits. Electric motors provide quiet, smooth operation and stronger acceleration and require less maintenance than ICEs. The Down Side: Batteries 減少對(duì)能源的依賴. 電力是國(guó)內(nèi)的能源來(lái)源. 性能優(yōu)點(diǎn). 電動(dòng)馬達(dá)提供安靜,平穩(wěn)操作和強(qiáng)大的加速度,需要的維修較少,比考. 弊:電池 EVs face significant battery-related challenges: Driving range. Most EVs can only go 150 miles (or less) before recharging-gasoline vehicles can go over 300 miles before refueling. Recharge time. Fully recharging the battery pack can take 4 to 8 hours. Battery cost: The large battery packs are expensive and usually must be replaced one or more times. Bulk & weight: Battery packs are heavy and take up considerable vehicle space. Researchers are working on improved battery technologies to increase driving range and decrease recharging time, replacement frequency, weight, and cost. These factors will ultimately determine the future of EVs. 電動(dòng)車面臨著電池相關(guān)的挑戰(zhàn):練習(xí)場(chǎng). 大部分電動(dòng)車只能走150英里(或更少) ,然后充電汽油車輛可走300英里,然后加油. 充電時(shí)間. 完全充電的電池包可以采取4至8小時(shí). 電池成本:大型電池盒十分昂貴,通常必須更換1次或更多次. 體積及重量:電池包重,并采取了相當(dāng)多的車輛空間. 研究人員正在改進(jìn)電池技術(shù),以增加練習(xí)場(chǎng)和減少充電時(shí)間,更換頻率,重量和成本. 這些因素最終決定自己前途的電動(dòng)車.