誰能給我一篇關(guān)于矯直機的中英文論文

【專家解說】：　　矯直機是對金屬棒材、管材、線材等進行矯直的設備。矯直機通過矯直輥對棒材等進行擠壓使其改變直線度。一般有兩排矯直輥，數(shù)量不等。也有兩輥矯直機，依靠兩輥（中間內(nèi)凹，雙曲線輥）的角度變化對不同直徑的材料進行矯直。主要類型有壓力矯直機、平衡滾矯直機、鞋滾矯直機、旋轉(zhuǎn)反彎矯直機等等。 　　這種矯直機的矯直過程是：輥子的位置與被矯直制品運動方向成某種角度，兩個或三個大的是主動壓力輥，由電動機帶動作同方向旋轉(zhuǎn)，另一邊的若干個小輥是從動的壓力輥，它們是靠著旋轉(zhuǎn)著的圓棒或管材摩擦力使之旋轉(zhuǎn)的。為了達到輥子對制品所要求的壓縮，這些小輥可以同時或分別向前或向后調(diào)整位置，一般輥子的數(shù)目越多，矯直后制品精度越高。制品被輥子咬入之后，不斷地作直線或旋轉(zhuǎn)運動，因而使制品承受各方面的壓縮、彎曲、壓扁等變形，最后達到矯直的目的。 　　矯直技術(shù)屬于金屬加工學科的一個分支，已經(jīng)廣泛應用于日用金屬加工業(yè)，儀器儀表制造業(yè)，汽車、船舶和飛機制造業(yè)，石油化工業(yè)，冶金工業(yè)，建筑材料業(yè)，機械裝備制造業(yè)，以及精密加工制造業(yè)。矯直技術(shù)在廣度和深度方面的巨大發(fā)展迫切要求矯直理論能進一步解決一些疑難問題，推動開發(fā)新技術(shù)和研制新設備。尤其在黨的十六大之后，要求用信息化帶動工業(yè)化，矯直技術(shù)也要跟上時代。首先要在矯直機設計、制造、矯直過程分析、矯直參數(shù)設定及矯直質(zhì)量預測等方面搞好軟件開發(fā)；其次要進行數(shù)字化矯直設備的研制，使矯直技術(shù)走上現(xiàn)代化的道路，不斷豐富金屬矯直學的內(nèi)容。 　　矯直技術(shù)多用于金屬條材加工的后部工序，在很大程度上決定著產(chǎn)成品的質(zhì)量水平。矯直技術(shù)同其他金屬加工技術(shù)一樣在20世紀取得了長足的進展，相應的矯直理論也取得了很大的進步。不過理論滯后于實踐的現(xiàn)象比較明顯。例如矯直輥負轉(zhuǎn)矩的破壞作用在20世紀下半葉才得以解決，但其破壞作用的機理直到20世紀80年代末才被闡明。另外，就矯直理論的總體來看，仍然處于粗糙階段，首先就是其基本參數(shù)的確定還要依靠許多經(jīng)驗算法和經(jīng)驗數(shù)據(jù)，如輥數(shù)、輥距、輥徑、壓彎量及矯直速度等；其次是許多技術(shù)現(xiàn)象如螺旋彎廢品、矯直縮尺、矯直噪聲、斜輥矯直特性、斜輥輥形特性、拉彎變形匹配特性等都缺乏理論闡述；再次是理論的概括性不夠，一套公式不僅不能包括各種斷面型材，甚至不能包括同類斷面而尺寸和材質(zhì)不同的工件，如彎距和矯直曲率等都缺少通用表達式。 　　此外本設計在許多細小之處也力求貼近實際，進行各種最大量的計算時要用實際可能達到的值代替實際答不到的理論極限值。應用技術(shù)的理論在于實踐的可行與否，實用化是本設計的根本。 　　Straightening machine is a metal bar, pipe, wire, and other equipment for straightening. Straightening roller straightening machine through the bars of pressure for them to change, such as straightness. There are two rows of straightening roller, the number of ranges. There are also two roller straightening machine, relying on two rollers (Concave Intermediate, hyperbolic roll) the perspective of the different changes in the diameter of the material straightening. Type of straightening of the main pressure, balance roller straightening machine, shoes roller straightening machine, anti-rotation bending leveler and so on. 　　This process of straightening straightening machine is: the location of the roller straightening products and the direction of the movement as a point of view, two or three of the initiative is a pressure roller, driven by the motor for rotating in the same direction, on the other side of a number of A small roller was driven roller pressure, they are relying on a rotation of the rod or pipe so that the friction of the rotation. In order to achieve roller on the products required by the compression of these small roller at the same time or separately adjustments backward or forward position, in general the number of roller more after straightening products, the higher accuracy. Products have been biting into the roller, continue to make a straight line or rotary movement, making products to bear all aspects of compression, bending, squash, such as deformation, to reach the final straightening. 　　Foreword the technology belongs to the metal working discipline abranch, already widely applied to the everyday use metal workingindustry, instrument measuring appliance manufacturing industry,automobile, ships and airplane manufacturing industry, petroleumindustry, metallurgical industry, building material industry,machinery equipment manufacturing industry, as well as preciseprocessing manufacturing industry.The technology can furthersolve some hard problems in the breadth and the depth aspect hugedevelopment urgent need theory, impels to develop the newtechnology and to develop the new equipment. 16 is especially bigafter the party, requests with the information impetusindustrialization, the technology also needs to follow thetime. First must in the straightening machine design, the manufacture, the process analysis, the parameter hypothesis and the quality forecast and so on the aspect does well thesoftware development; It secondary carries on the digitized equipment the development, causes the technology to step ontomodernized the path, unceasingly rich metal study content. 　　The technology has equally made theconsiderable progress with other metal working technologies in 20thcentury, the corresponding heory has also made the very bigprogress. But the theory lag quite is obvious to the practicephenomenon. For example the negative torque destructiveeffect only then can solve in 20th century next half, but itsdestructive effect mechanism was only then expounded until the the endof 1980s. Moreover, the theory overall looked that, still wasat the rough stage, first was its basic parameter determination alsomust depend upon many experiences algorithms and the empirical data, roller distance, roller diameter, Next is many technical phenomenalike spiral curved waste product, the noise, theslanting roller characteristic, the slanting roller rollershape characteristic, the distortion match characteristic andso on all lacks the theory elaboration; Is once more the theoryconcise quality is insufficient, set of formulas not only cannotinclude each kind of cross section molding, even cannot include thesimilar cross section but the size and the material quality differentwork piece, like the curved distance and so on all lacks the generalexpression with the curvature. 　　In addition this design in many tiny place also makes every effort todraw close to the reality, carries on when each kind of most massivecomputations must feasible use which to achieve the value replacesactual does not answer the theory limit value. The applicationtechnology theory lies in the practice to be feasible or not, thepractical application is this design basis. Key: hugedevelopment theoryconcise massivecomputations phenomenalike